ABSTRACT
Clinical simulation is a technique with multiple benefits. Supervised professional practice results the best predictor of performance quality of a determined clinical skill. The Summary of Medical Knowledge course considers within its objectives enhancing necessary clinical skills before graduating, which is done through clinical simulation. Materials and methods: Voluntary participating activity was developed, considering performance in 5 clinical stations, which were assessed by Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE). This activity was held at the Clinical Skill Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile. The evaluated skills were chosen based on information provided by graduates 2010-2012 about their own perception of competences. Results: 89 students and 53 teachers participated voluntarily. Over 90 percent of respondents (both teachers and students) stated that the activity was a great contribution to become aware of their own skills and limitations, resulting relevant and essential for medical training. Discussion: Simulation is feasible as a method of training in undergraduates, with a high rate of satisfaction for both students and teachers, encouraging the acquisition of clinical skills.
Subject(s)
Humans , Clinical Competence , Education, Medical , KnowledgeABSTRACT
Background: The systematic dissection of the surgical piece, performed by the surgeon during surgical treatment of gastric cancer, gives information about borders and lymph node involvement. Aim: To determine the concordance between the findings of the surgeon during initial dissection and the final pathological report. Material and Methods: Prospective study of 48 patients aged 64 +/- 10 years (74 percent males) subjected to curative surgery for gastric cancer. Patients were staged according to 2010 TNM classification. Stomach size from the lesser curvature, oral and caudal limits, macroscopic aspect, tumor diameter and lymph node involvement were determined by the surgeon observing the surgical piece. The concordance of this observation with the final pathological report was assessed. Results: Fifty nine percent of patients were subjected to a total gastrectomy and there was a mean of 30 lymph nodes excised. There was a good concordance between surgeon observation and final pathological report for tumor depth (Kappa = 0.64), macroscopic aspect (Kappa = 0.69) and tumor size (Lin = 0.84). There was a bad concordance for lymph node involvement (Kappa = 0.21). The percentage of retraction of lesser curvature length was 24 percent, 30 percent for oral and 22 percent for caudal limits. Conclusions: There is a good concordance between surgeon observation and pathological report for macroscopic aspect, tumor size and depth but the concordance for lymph node involvement is bad.
Introducción: La disección de la pieza operatoria (PO) en forma sistemática en la cirugía por cáncer gástrico (CG) permite al cirujano obtener información de los bordes, compromiso linfonodal y estandarizar. Objetivos: 1) Determinar la concordancia de los hallazgos de la PO disecada por el cirujano y el informe patológico final; 2) Determinar el porcentaje de retracción del estómago; 3) Mostrar una forma de registrar la PO en el CG. Material y Método: Estudio prospectivo de los pacientes operados con intención curativa desde septiembre de 2009 hasta mayo de 2010. Se etapificó con TNM de 2010. De la PO se registró el tamaño del estómago por curvatura menor, límite oral (LO), límite caudal (LC), profundidad, aspecto macroscópico, diámetro tumoral, grupos ganglionares comprometidos y cantidad de ganglios comprometidos. Se compararon estas variables con el informe patológico. El análisis de concordancia se realizó con el test de Kappa y el test de Lin. Resultados: Fueron estudiados 48 pacientes, 74 por ciento hombres, la edad promedio fue 63,7 años (DE 9,8), 59,5 por ciento fueron gastrectomías totales. El promedio de ganglios disecados fue 30,18 (DE 11,8). Se obtiene una buena concordancia para la profundidad del tumor (Kappa = 0,64), aspecto macroscópico (Kappa = 0,69) y tamaño tumoral (Lin = 0,84). Y una mala concordancia para el compromiso ganglionar (Kappa = 0,21). El porcentaje de retracción del largo por curvatura menor fue 24,3 por ciento, del LO fue 30,1 por ciento, del LC fue 22 por ciento. Conclusión: La concordancia de la PO es buena en la profundidad, aspecto macroscópico del tumor y diámetro tumoral, pero es mala en el compromiso ganglionar. Se determina que la retracción del estómago es mayor al 24 por ciento.